The Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review (BJCMR) is firmly committed to maintaining the highest standards of ethical conduct in scientific publishing and to preventing all forms of publication misconduct. Authors submitting manuscripts to BJCMR must declare that their work is original, represents their own scholarly contribution, and has not been published or submitted elsewhere, in whole or in part.

These ethical principles apply to all participants involved in the publication process, including authors, editors, peer reviewers, and the publisher.

Responsibilities of Authors

Accuracy and Transparency
Authors must provide a truthful and precise description of the research conducted and a balanced interpretation of its relevance. Any form of data fabrication, falsification, or intentional misrepresentation is considered unethical and will not be tolerated.

Data Availability and Preservation
Authors may be requested to supply original data for editorial evaluation and should be prepared to make such data available whenever feasible. Regardless, authors are expected to retain primary data for a reasonable period following publication.

Original Work and Proper Attribution
Manuscripts must be entirely original. When ideas, text, or data from other sources are used, appropriate citation and acknowledgment are mandatory. Plagiarism, in any form, is unacceptable.

Duplicate and Simultaneous Submissions
Authors should not submit manuscripts that substantially overlap with previously published or concurrently submitted work. Parallel submission to multiple journals constitutes unethical publishing practice.

Recognition of Sources
All sources that have contributed significantly to the conception, execution, or interpretation of the study must be properly cited.

Authorship Criteria
Authorship should be restricted to individuals who have made substantial contributions to the study design, data acquisition, analysis, or interpretation. Contributors who do not meet authorship criteria should be appropriately acknowledged.

Conflicts of Interest and Funding Disclosure
Authors must disclose any financial, institutional, or personal relationships that could influence the research outcomes or interpretation. All funding sources must be clearly stated.

Correction of Published Errors
If a significant error or inaccuracy is identified after publication, authors are obligated to promptly inform the journal and cooperate in issuing a correction or retraction when necessary.

Responsibilities of Editors

Editorial Decision-Making
Editors are responsible for determining which manuscripts are accepted for publication, based on scholarly merit, originality, clarity, and relevance to the journal’s scope. Decisions must comply with legal and ethical standards related to copyright, defamation, and plagiarism.

Impartial Evaluation
Manuscripts are assessed solely on academic content, without discrimination based on personal or demographic characteristics of the authors.

Confidentiality
Editors and editorial staff must preserve the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts and related communications throughout the review process.

Conflict of Interest Management
Editors must not use unpublished material disclosed in a submission for personal research purposes without the explicit consent of the authors.

Responsibilities of Reviewers

Support to Editorial Decisions
Peer review plays a critical role in assisting editors and contributing to the improvement of submitted manuscripts through constructive feedback.

Timeliness and Competence
Reviewers who feel unqualified or unable to complete a review within the agreed timeframe should promptly inform the editor.

Confidential Handling of Manuscripts
All manuscripts under review are confidential and must not be shared or discussed with unauthorized parties.

Objectivity and Professionalism
Reviews should be impartial, evidence-based, and respectful. Personal criticism of authors is inappropriate.

Identification of Relevant Literature
Reviewers should point out important published work not cited by the authors and alert editors to any potential overlap or similarity with existing publications.

Conflicts of Interest
Reviewers must disclose any conflicts of interest and refrain from evaluating manuscripts where such conflicts exist. Information obtained through peer review must not be used for personal or professional advantage.

Compliance with International Ethical Standards

The Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review (BJCMR) adheres to internationally recognized standards for publication ethics and editorial best practices. The journal follows the principles and flowcharts established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in cases involving suspected misconduct, including plagiarism, data fabrication, duplicate publication, authorship disputes, and undisclosed conflicts of interest.

BJCMR also aligns its editorial policies with the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), particularly with regard to authorship criteria, conflict of interest disclosure, manuscript preparation, and ethical responsibilities of all parties involved in the publication process.

Research Ethics and Regulatory Compliance

All studies involving human participants must comply with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and must have received approval from an appropriate institutional review board or ethics committee. Manuscripts must clearly state the approval number and confirm that informed consent was obtained when applicable.

Research involving animals must comply with internationally accepted guidelines for animal care and use, and authors must explicitly state ethical approval and regulatory compliance.

Consent for Publication
For studies involving identifiable patient information, images, or case details, authors must confirm that written informed consent for publication was obtained.

Clinical Trial Registration
In accordance with international best practices and ICMJE recommendations, all clinical trials must be prospectively registered in a publicly accessible trial registry (such as ClinicalTrials.gov or WHO ICTRP). The registration number must be provided in the manuscript.

Transparency, Data Integrity, and Open Science

BJCMR encourages transparency and reproducibility in scientific research. Authors may be requested to provide study protocols, analytical methods, and underlying data to support the integrity of the published work. When applicable, authors are encouraged to deposit datasets in recognized public repositories and to clearly indicate data availability within the manuscript.

Plagiarism Detection and Paper Mill Prevention

All submissions are subject to similarity checks using plagiarism detection software. BJCMR maintains a zero-tolerance policy toward plagiarism, data manipulation, image manipulation, citation manipulation, and submissions originating from so-called “paper mills.”

Post-Publication Ethics: Corrections, Retractions, and Expressions of Concern

BJCMR is committed to maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record. When errors, ethical concerns, or misconduct are identified after publication, the journal will take appropriate action, which may include issuing corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern, in accordance with COPE guidelines.

Editorial Independence

Editorial decisions at BJCMR are made independently and are based solely on scientific merit, methodological rigor, originality, and relevance to the journal’s scope. Editorial decisions are not influenced by commercial interests, publication fees, or sponsorship.

For further information regarding publication ethics and editorial policies, please contact the editorial office at bjclinicalmedicinereview@gmail.com or by Whatsapp (+558599186-4030).